INITIAL CONSULTATION
If you are concerned about your fertility, but unsure about what action to take, you would benefit from an initial consultation.
If you have had fertility investigations in the past or other medical history, you may wish to bring this information along, in any case we will take a detailed history.
All this will be comprehensively reviewed at the consultation and you will be advised of all the options. This consultation can be enormously useful in avoiding unnecessary tests and treatments. We believe in doing the minimum to be effective and will advise you every step of the way. The initial consultation is a good way to see us for the first time.
- Medical history review
- Full medical consultation and plan
AFC Counseling Services
We offer counseling session which allows you to have the opportunity to have an in-depth understanding on the implications of the treatment suggested as well as necessary information, guidance and support.
Counseling aims to help you understand exactly what the treatment will involve and how it might affect you and your family.- Counseling allows you:
- The opportunity to talk freely and openly without being judged.
- To have in-depth understanding of the factors that may be contributing to your difficulties before and after your pregnancy.
Anything you share with your counselor will be treated as private and confidential.
Comprehensive fertility investigation for couples
Get all the answers in one consultation.
This provides a simple and clear fertility evaluation. It is ideal for the couple who have not had previous fertility investigations and are wondering whether any kind of fertility treatment might be appropriate.
We arrange an ultrasound scan, semen analysis and at the same time obtain a blood sample for testing. The results of these tests are brought together and evaluated by our fertility Consultant before you meet. This means that your valuable consultation time can be spent discussing the actual situation and formulating a plan.
- Medical history review
- Full consultation and Ultrasound scan of uterine and pelvic physiology
- Antral follicle count (AFC)
- Hormone blood tests
- Semen Analysis
Most causes of infertility can now be understood and a plan for dealing with the situation formulated. Once the evaluation is complete your fertility specialist will discuss the range of treatments available and advise what is best for you. We offer some introductory diagnostic packages with the aim of saving you time and money and as a way of guiding you through the plethora of diagnostic tests now available.
Consultation, antral follicle count (AFC) and Follicle Tracking
AFC provides one of the best estimates of ovarian reserve.
Women who are concerned about their reproductive age, specifically the number and quality of the eggs they have remaining may wish to combine an ultrasound scan with an initial consultation where their antral follicle count AFC will be determined.
The results of the ultrasound scan will be discussed along with all previous medical history allowing an appropriate plan for future investigation or treatment. It is our objective to provide you with the information you need in order to make the right decisions.
- Medical history review
- Full medical consultation and plan
- Ultrasound scan of uterine and pelvic physiology
- Antral follicle count (AFC)
ANTRAL FOLLICLE COUNT AND FOLLICLE TRACKING
Tracking ovulation is the best way to identify the appropriate time to get pregnant.
Accurately predicting ovulation can be a little trickier than figuring out when day 14 is for you. Ovulation can be irregular or it can be affected by diet, stress or illness.
Ovulation is triggered by a surge of Luteinising Hormone (LH) from the pituitary gland. LH also stimulates the ovary to begin producing the hormone Progesterone. This surge normally occurs 24-48 hours before ovulation and can be tracked more accurately with blood tests and ultrasounds.
Who may wish to do ovulation tracking?
- Women having regular cycles, who have been trying to fall pregnant for several months without success.
- Women having irregular cycles, to help determine the best time to conceive.
Consultation and fallopian tube patency test (HyCoSy)
HyCoSy is designed for women who have concerns about their fallopian tubes.
The technique is called Hysterosalpingo-contrast Sonography (HyCoSy). A dye is passed through the fallopian tube under ultrasound guidance and each of the fallopian tubes is assessed for adhesions and blockages etc.
This is followed by a full discussion of the results and the wider implications for fertility and treatment.
- Ultrasound scan of uterine and ovarian pathophysiology
- Fallopian tube patency test (HyCoSy)
- Medical history review
- Full consultation and plan
What is HyCoSy?
Hysterosalpingo-contrast-sonography (usually called HyCoSy) is a straightforward procedure which is used to assess the patency of the fallopian tubes using advanced ultrasound to test for common symptoms such as blocked fallopian tubes. HyCoSy can also be used to check for abnormalities of the uterus and ovaries.
HyCosy is a much safer alternative to older methods as it does not use X-rays or any kind of radiation. Instead, a contrast agent is passed into the uterus via a fine catheter, and the doctor tracks this agent using ultrasound.
Who is HyCoSy suitable for?
The HyCoSy procedure is recommended for women who would like to test the patency of the fallopian tubes. Blocked fallopian tubes are a common cause of infertility, and is why HyCosy is one of the most commonly used investigations for infertility.
There are a number of conditions which may increase the risk of occlusions in the fallopian tubes, including endometriosis, pelvic infection and appendicitis. Women who wish to undergo inter-uterine insemination (IUI) are also advised to undergo a HyCosy before going through the IUI, to make sure that the sperm will be able to meet the egg.
What does the HyCoSy test involve?
The HyCoSy procedure takes approximately half an hour. You will have an internal scan first; the doctor will take measurements of the uterus (womb), endometrium (lining of womb) and ovaries.
Under ultrasound guidance a thin tube will be passed into the womb through the neck of the womb and a small amount (5-10 mls) of fluid (normal saline) is injected into the womb to observe the presence of any abnormalities (polyp, fibroids etc) in the lining of the womb. A sulphur based medium called Sonoview is then passed into the womb and the fallopian tubes to assess the tubes.
Is a HyCoSy test painful?
The levels of pain for the HyCosy test varies from woman to woman but it is likely that you will feel some discomfort during the procedure similar to that of period pain.
The common symptoms of infertility in women and men
Signs and Symptoms of Infertility
Signs and symptoms of infertility are often related to other underlying conditions. For example, 10 to 15 percent of untreated chlamydia cases will lead to pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). PID leads to a blockage of the fallopian tubes, which prevents fertilization.
There are numerous conditions that can contribute to infertility in men and women. The signs and symptoms of each can vary greatly. If you’re concerned, it’s important to consult with your doctor.
Common symptoms of infertility include the following.
Common Signs of Infertility in Women
1. Irregular periodsThe average woman’s cycle is 28 days long. But anything within a few days of that can be considered normal, as long as those cycles are consistent. For example, a woman who has a 33-day cycle one month, a 31-day cycle the next, and a 35-day cycle after that, is probably having “normal” periods.
But a woman whose cycles vary so greatly that she can’t even begin to estimate when her period might arrive is experiencing irregular periods. This can be related to hormone issues, or to polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). Both of these can contribute to infertility.
2. Painful or heavy periods
Most women experience cramps with their periods. But painful periods that interfere with your daily life may be a symptom of endometriosis.
3. No periods
It’s not uncommon for women to have an off month here and there. Factors like stress or heavy workouts can cause your period to temporarily disappear. But if you haven’t had a period in months, it’s time to get your fertility checked.
4. Symptoms of hormone fluctuations
Signs of hormone fluctuations in women could indicate potential issues with fertility. Talk to your doctor if you experience the following:
- skin issues
- reduced sex drive
- facial hair growth
- thinning hair
- weight gain
5. Pain during sex
Some women have experienced painful sex their entire lives, so they’ve convinced themselves it’s normal. But it’s not. It could be related to hormone issues, to endometriosis, or to other underlying conditions that could also be contributing to infertility.
Common Signs of Infertility in Men
1. Changes in sexual desireA man’s fertility is also linked with his hormone health. Changes in virility, often governed by hormones, could indicate issues with fertility.
2. Testicle pain or swelling
There are several different conditions that could lead to pain or swelling in the testicles, many of which could contribute to infertility.
3. Problems maintaining erection
A man’s ability to maintain an erection is often linked to his hormone levels. Reduced hormones may result, which could potentially translate into trouble conceiving.
4. Issues with ejaculation
Similarly, an inability to ejaculate is a sign that it might be time to visit a doctor.
5. Small, firm testicles
The testes house a man’s sperm, so testicle health is paramount to male fertility. Small or firm testicles could indicate potential issues that should be explored by a medical practitioner.
HOW AGE EFFECTS FERTILITY
For women
The chance of pregnancy falls as a woman gets older, and the risk of miscarriage and abnormalities increases, even for people with no fertility problems. If you are having trouble becoming pregnant, the sooner you seek help, the better your chance of having a baby.
For men
While there’s no male equivalent to menopause, and the age of the mother is more important where fertility is concerned, the number of sperm made each day and their quality do fall with a man’s age.
Pregnancies from older men show higher incidences of some types of abnormalities among children – such as schizophrenia and autism. The total risk of a child having a serious birth defect (from the biological father, the mother, or newly arising in the child), increases from an average of 20 per 1000 children for men aged 20; to 26 per 1000 children for men aged 50.
A man’s age does not seem to affect the chance of success in fertility treatments such as IVF – at least up to the age of 50.